The late Shlomo Pines (1908-1990) was this century's outstanding historian of Islamic philosophy and science. This volume offers, for the first time in English. Pines' doctoral dissertation on Islamic atomism; the German version appeared in 1936. Pines presents the atomic theories of matter, time and space, as they are found in the literature of kalam, as well their exposition in the writings of Abŭ Bakr al – Râzî; and then investigates in detail possible sources in the Greek, Indian, and other traditions. The present publication incorporates a few revisions which Pines himself had made in a draft translation. A number of the texts, which Pines consulted in the manuscript, have since been published, and some important studies on the kalam have appeared. Nonetheless, it can be stated in confidence that, sixty years after its first publication, Pines' monograph is till today the most significant work on the subject.

The present volume is the fourth in the Collected Works of the late Professor Shlomo Pines. The studies reprinted in this volume have been divided into two categories. In the first part have been reprinted essays dealing with various topics in the history of religion in antiquity. The second part includes seminal studies published by Pines on aspects of Jewish Christianity.

This volume covers some fifty years of Pines' work in the field of Islamic philosophy, from the very first article he published ("Some Problems of Islamic Philosophy", in 1937") to an article that was found in his paper after his death and is published here for the first time (" The origin of the Tale of Salâmân and Absâl").

Several articles re-published in the first part of the present volume deal with texts of Greek authors that have been preserved in an Arabic version, their Greek originals having been lost. Three papers in the present volume deal with subjects relating to the works of Aristotle. Two articles have been published for the first time in the present volume. Part 2 of this volume includes two general articles on some characteristics of Arabic science.

This study deals with various aspects of the philosophy of Abu’l-Barakât al-Baghdâdî, an Islamic philosopher of Jewish descent active in the early 11 century, during the Islamic Golden Age. Some of the physical and psychological doctrines of Avicenna, another Islamic thinker of roughly the same era are also discussed in the book.